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How to calculate the cost of photovoltaic system?
First, the classification of photovoltaic systems
Photovoltaic systems are mainly divided into grid-connected systems and off-grid systems according to different types, and grid-connected systems are divided into low-voltage grid-connected systems and high-voltage grid-connected systems according to different voltage levels. This article mainly considers the low-voltage grid-connected system that has the most contact with the general public. system.
In terms of unit price of the three systems, the low-voltage grid-connected system is the cheapest, followed by the high-voltage grid-connected system. The off-grid system has a higher unit price because of the storage battery.
The main components of the photovoltaic system
The main materials of the user-side low-voltage grid-connected photovoltaic system are composed of brackets, components, inverters, combiner boxes, cable trays, lightning protection grounding, and monitoring systems.
Other costs include: labor costs, construction equipment usage fees, management fees, profits, measures, fees, taxes, etc.
The above only enumerates the costs involved in the official start of the project, and the costs involved in the early stage of the project include: survey fees, feasibility study report fees, design fees, bidding fees, favors and many other expenses.
For a regular EPC enterprise, the material cost is only a part of the system cost. There are still many fees to be considered. Many friends only equate the cost of the photovoltaic system with the price of photovoltaic materials. This consideration is not appropriate. For a reasonable project, the material cost should account for 60-70% of the cost.
3. Cost analysis of photovoltaic system
The photovoltaic power generation system, like other projects, can only exert the best price advantage if it has the scale effect. The cost of photovoltaic power generation systems decreases with the growth of installed capacity.
The price sensitivity of a photovoltaic power station above one megawatt will be significantly reduced. Here, a photovoltaic power station of one megawatt is taken as an example for analysis.
3. Cost analysis of photovoltaic system
The photovoltaic power generation system, like other projects, can only exert the best price advantage if it has the scale effect. The cost of photovoltaic power generation systems decreases with the growth of installed capacity.
The price sensitivity of a photovoltaic power station above one megawatt will be significantly reduced. Here, a photovoltaic power station of one megawatt is taken as an example for analysis.
The above table only lists the direct costs related to photovoltaics. Other necessary expenses also include: design fees, commissioning and testing fees, management fees, profits, taxes, etc. The comprehensive unit price is about 7 yuan / watt.
The above costs are for reference only, and the actual engineering gap is huge. For example, such as inverters, large-scale centralized inverters are only 0.25 yuan/W, and small string inverters range from 0.5~0.9 yuan/W.
Fourth, the cost difference of different system sizes
Due to the particularity of photovoltaic systems, a 5 kW power station and a 100 kW power station may have the same design difficulty and the same design time.
In terms of materials, the unit price of materials for a small power station is definitely higher than that of a large power station. The same is true for the construction unit price.
The cost of photovoltaic system depends on different roof conditions and installation forms, and the cost varies greatly. Generally speaking, the smaller the installed capacity of the system, the higher the unit price, and the larger the installed capacity of the system, the lower the unit price. The table below is for reference only.
The cost of photovoltaic system varies greatly according to the selected materials, construction site, specific requirements, etc. The above table is for reference only!
The photovoltaic system involves 25 years of power generation, so it is recommended that when choosing an EPC manufacturer, you must choose a regular large company, and the price should not be too low, so as to leave a reasonable profit for the EPC company!